01897nas a2200193 4500008004100000245008900041210006900130300001400199490000700213520123400220653000801454653000801462653000901470100002101479700002201500700002401522700001901546856013801565 2013 eng d00aApplication Layer Forward Error Correction for Multicast Streaming over LTE Networks0 aApplication Layer Forward Error Correction for Multicast Streami a1459-15740 v263 a

The next step beyond third generation (3G) mobile networks is the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard, named Long Term Evolution (LTE). A key feature of LTE is the enhancement of Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS), where the same content is transmitted to multiple users located in a specific service area. To support efficient download and streaming delivery, 3GPP included an application layer Forward Error Correction (AL-FEC) technique based on the systematic fountain Raptor code, in the MBMS standard. In order to achieve protection against packet losses, Raptor codes introduce redundant packets to the transmission, i.e., the FEC overhead. In this work, we investigate the application of AL-FEC over MBMS streaming services. We consider the benefits of AL-FEC for a continuous multimedia stream transmission to multiple users and we examine how the amount of FEC redundancy can be adjusted under different packet loss conditions. For this purpose, we present a variety of realistic simulation scenarios for the application of AL-FEC and furthermore we provide an in-depth analysis of Raptor codes performance introducing valuable suggestions to achieve efficient use of Raptor codes.

10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS1 aBouras, Christos1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aKanakis, Nikos uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/application-layer-forward-error-correction-multicast-streaming-over-lte-networks01782nas a2200145 4500008004100000245006600041210006300107260001500170300001200185520127400197653000801471100002101479700001901500856011701519 2013 eng d00aA Competitive AL-FEC Framework over Mobile Multicast Delivery0 aCompetitive ALFEC Framework over Mobile Multicast Delivery cJuly 1 - 5 a305-3103 a

Reliability control is a key concern on the evolution of real-time mobile multicast services. To this direction the use of forward error correction (FEC) on the application layer is widely adopted in several mobile multicast standards. FEC is a feedback free error control method where the transmitter introduces in advance redundant information to enable receivers recovering data erasures. On multicast delivery and especially on the time constrained streaming delivery where retransmission-based error recovery methods are not feasible, the most suitable error control method is the use of application layer forward error correction (AL-FEC) codes. In this work, we introduce a novel AL-FEC deployment policy over mobile multicast standards utilizing online algorithms. We aim on the efficient application of ALFEC protection with RaptorQ codes over multicast streaming delivery in the context of competitive analysis. We provide a competitiveness analysis model of AL-FEC application over mobile multicast real-time environments and we introduce an innovative online algorithm adjusting the introduced redundancy of AL-FEC protection according to the FEC encoding parameters in order to satisfy the individual constraints of a multicast streaming delivery.

10aFEC1 aBouras, Christos1 aKanakis, Nikos uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/competitive-al-fec-framework-over-mobile-multicast-delivery02091nas a2200181 4500008004100000245005300041210005300094300001400147490000700161520153500168653000801703653000901711100002101720700002201741700002401763700001901787856010301806 2013 eng d00aEmbracing RaptorQ FEC in 3GPP multicast services0 aEmbracing RaptorQ FEC in 3GPP multicast services a1023-10350 v193 a

Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) have been introduced by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) aiming to efficiently deliver data to mobile users in a one-to-many way. In order to provide reliable multicast transmission, 3GPP recommends exclusively for MBMS the use of a Forward Error Correction (FEC) mechanism on the application layer. Raptor codes are standardized as the Application Layer FEC (AL-FEC) scheme over 3GPP MBMS. However, the 3GPP standardized systematic fountain Raptor code is nowadays considered obsolete, since a new variation of the Raptor codes has emerged. This enhanced AL-FEC scheme, named RaptorQ, promises higher protection efficiency and superior flexibility on the provision of demanding mobile multicast services. In this work, we provide an extensive performance evaluation presenting at first a theoretical performance comparison of the newly introduced RaptorQ FEC scheme with its predecessor Raptor code, examining the enhancements that RaptorQ introduces on the AL-FEC protection robustness. Thereafter, to verify the enhanced performance of RaptorQ, we present several simulation results considering the modeling of the AL-FEC protection over multicast services for next generation mobile networks, utilizing the ns-3 simulation environment. Investigating several mobile system parameters in conjunction with FEC encoding parameters, we provide valuable results regarding the impacts of the examined AL-FEC schemes application on the multicast services performance.

10aFEC10aMBMS1 aBouras, Christos1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aKanakis, Nikos uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/embracing-raptorq-fec-3gpp-multicast-services01812nas a2200193 4500008004100000245005900041210005900100260001300159300001000172520121800182653000801400653000801408653000901416100002101425700002201446700002401468700001901492856010701511 2012 eng d00aEnhaning Reliable Mobile Multicasting with RaptorQ FEC0 aEnhaning Reliable Mobile Multicasting with RaptorQ FEC c1-4 July a82-873 aA crucial point on the successful deployment of multicast services is the enhanced reliability by means of advanced error control schemes. To this direction Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized exclusively for Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) the use of a Forward Error Correction (FEC) mechanism on the application layer based on Raptor codes. Since the standardized systematic, fountain Raptor code is now considered obsolete, the emergence of a new variant of Raptor codes, named RaptorQ, provides enhanced capabilities for mobile multicast services. In this paper, we provide a performance comparison of the standardized Raptor Application Layer FEC (AL-FEC) scheme with the very promising RaptorQ FEC code. We examine the enhancements that RaptorQ introduces on the AL-FEC protection robustness, providing a thorough performance analysis in comparison with the current Raptor FEC scheme. Furthermore, in order to verify the improved performance of RaptorQ, we provide several simulation results utilizing the ns-3 environment, considering the application of both the examined AL-FEC schemes over multicast services for next generation mobile networks.10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS1 aBouras, Christos1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aKanakis, Nikos uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/enhaning-reliable-mobile-multicasting-raptorq-fec01589nas a2200193 4500008004100000245005600041210005600097260001700153300001400170520099100184653000801175653000801183653000901191100002101200700002201221700002401243700001901267856010901286 2012 eng d00aEvaluating RaptorQ FEC over 3GPP Multicast Services0 aEvaluating RaptorQ FEC over 3GPP Multicast Services cAugust 27-31 a257 - 2623 aThird Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS), in order to efficiently deliver the same content to multiple users over mobile cellular networks. To enhance the download and streaming delivery robustness against packet losses, 3GPP proposes the use of Forward Error Correction (FEC) on the application layer. The Application Layer FEC (AL-FEC) scheme that 3GPP standardized is based on the systematic, fountain Raptor code. In this work, in response to the emergence of an enhanced FEC scheme, we provide a performance evaluation of the existing standardized AL-FEC scheme with the newly introduced RaptorQ code. Introducing a variety of simulation experiments, we analyze the performance behavior of each AL-FEC scheme considering several FEC encoding parameters. Furthermore, we try to verify the improvements that have emerged in AL-FEC providing enhanced capabilities in multicast services over next generation mobile networks.10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS1 aBouras, Christos1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aKanakis, Nikos uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/evaluating-raptorq-fec-over-3gpp-multicast-services01977nas a2200193 4500008004100000245005100041210005000092260001800142300001200160520140000172653000801572653000801580653000901588100002101597700002201618700002401640700001901664856010001683 2011 eng d00aAL-FEC for Streaming Services over LTE Systems0 aALFEC for Streaming Services over LTE Systems cOctober 3 - 6 a284-2883 a

The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), recently introduced the evolution of the third generation (3G) cellular networks, the Long Term Evolution (LTE) telecommunication system. A key aspect of LTE specifications is the enhancement of Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS), where the same content is transmitted to multiple users located in a specific service area. A significant point of the demanding multimedia services is the enhancement of the robustness against packet losses. To this direction, in order to support the efficient point-to-multipoint download and streaming delivery, 3GPP has included an Application Layer Forward Error Correction (AL-FEC) scheme in the MBMS standard. The standardized AL-FEC scheme is based on the systematic, fountain Raptor codes. In this paper, we investigate the application of AL-FEC over the MBMS streaming delivery method. We consider the benefits of AL-FEC for a seamless multimedia streaming transmission to multiple mobile users and we examine how the amount of FEC overhead can be adjusted under different packet loss conditions. For this purpose, we present a variety of realistic simulation scenarios for the performance evaluation of FEC considering several network and FEC encoding parameters. Furthermore, we provide suggestions in order to achieve efficient use of Raptor codes over LTE MBMS streaming services.

10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS1 aBouras, Christos1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aKanakis, Nikos uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/al-fec-streaming-services-over-lte-systems00635nas a2200181 4500008004100000245007900041210006900120260001100189300001500200653000800215653000800223653000900231100002100240700002200261700002400283700002100307856012500328 2011 eng d00aForward Error Correction for Reliable e-MBMS Transmissions in LTE Networks0 aForward Error Correction for Reliable eMBMS Transmissions in LTE bInTech a 353 - 37410aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS1 aBouras, Christos1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aTseliou, Georgia uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/forward-error-correction-reliable-e-mbms-transmissions-lte-networks01730nas a2200229 4500008004100000245005600041210005500097260002100152300001500173520103400188653000801222653000801230653000901238653001001247100002101257700002201278700002201300700002401322700002701346700002101373856010601394 2011 eng d00aReliable Multicasting over LTE: A Performance Study0 aReliable Multicasting over LTE A Performance Study cJune 28 - July 1 a 603 - 6083 aWith the booming of multimedia services, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has introduced the evolved Multimedia Multicast/Broadcast Service (e-MBMS) feature for LTE systems. The main objective of MBMS is to introduce real broadcast distribution capabilities into cellular systems. This purposed 3GPP to introduce the MBMS over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) operation. In this work we investigate the provision of MBMS service over a combination of MBSFN and PTM transmission schemes. We focus on the file repair procedure, because the distribution of binary data via MBMS must result in 100% error-free downloaded files. In order to achieve this goal, MBMS offers a Forward Error Correction (FEC) mechanism. Our simulation results show that there are some file repair schemes that achieve better performance as far as different network configurations are concerned. Furthermore, we compare all the file recovery methods and evaluate them against various network parameters in a realistic simulation environment.10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS10aMBSFN1 aBouras, Christos1 aAlexiou, Antonios1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aAsimakis, Konstantinos1 aTseliou, Georgia uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/reliable-multicasting-over-lte-performance-study01536nas a2200181 4500008004100000245006100041210005900102300001500161520096400176653000801140653000901148653001801157653000901175100002101184700002201205700002201227856010501249 2011 eng d00aA study of Forward Error Correction for Mobile Multicast0 astudy of Forward Error Correction for Mobile Multicast a 607 - 6273 a

3GPP has standardized the use of forward error correction for the provision of reliable data transmission in the mobile multicast framework. This error control method inevitably adds a constant overhead in the transmitted data. However, it is so simple as to meet a prime objective for mobile multicast services; that is scalability to applications with thousands of receivers. In this paper we present a study on the impact of application layer forward error correction. We examine whether it is beneficial or not, how the optimal code dimension varies based on network conditions, which parameters affect the optimal code selection, and how they achieve this. Additionally, we focus on one of the most critical aspects in mobile multicast transmission which is power control. The evaluation is performed with the aid of a novel scheme that incorporates the properties of an evolved mobile network, as they are determined by the 3GPP specifications.

10aFEC10aMBMS10aPower Control10aUMTS1 aBouras, Christos1 aAlexiou, Antonios1 aPapazois, Andreas uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/study-forward-error-correction-mobile-multicast01180nas a2200205 4500008004100000245006100041210006100102260002000163300001500183520052800198653000800726653000800734653000900742100002100751700002200772700002200794700002400816700002400840856011000864 2010 eng d00aAdopting FEC for Reliable Multicasting over LTE Networks0 aAdopting FEC for Reliable Multicasting over LTE Networks cOctober 17 - 21 a 307 - 3103 aThe key feature for the provision of Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Services (MBMS) in Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks is the Multimedia Broadcast over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN). On the other hand, the use of Forward Error Correction (FEC) in mobile multicast transmission has significant advantages and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has adopted the application layer FEC in the MBMS standard. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the application layer FEC over the MBSFN delivery method.10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS1 aBouras, Christos1 aAlexiou, Antonios1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aTsichritzis, George uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/adopting-fec-reliable-multicasting-over-lte-networks01631nas a2200193 4500008004100000245007800041210006900119260001900188300001200207520099100219653000801210653000801218653000901226653001001235100002101245700002201266700002201288856012701310 2010 eng d00aAdopting forward error correction for multicasting over cellurar networks0 aAdopting forward error correction for multicasting over cellurar c12 - 15 April  a307-3103 a

FEC is an error control method that can be used to augment or replace other methods for reliable data transmission. Such schemes inevitably add a constant overhead in the transmitted data. However, they are so simple as to meet a prime objective for UMTS multicast services, that is scalability to applications with thousands of receivers. This is the reason that 3GPP recommends the use of FEC for MBMS framework. In this paper, we use a probabilistic model for the multicast user distribution in the network and we define a scheme for multicast data delivery that combines FEC with traditional ARQ. It is important that our analysis is compliant with the 3GPP specifications and considers the latest advances in mobile networks. In this framework we investigate the impact of FEC use, we examine whether it is beneficial, how the optimal FEC code dimensioning varies based on the network conditions, which parameters affect the optimal FEC code selection, and how they do it.

10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS10aMBSFN1 aBouras, Christos1 aAlexiou, Antonios1 aPapazois, Andreas uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/adopting-forward-error-correction-multicasting-over-cellurar-networks01662nas a2200205 4500008004100000245005500041210005500096260002000151520103500171653000801206653000801214653000901222653001001231100002101241700002201262700002201284700002401306700002101330856010501351 2010 eng d00aEnhancing FEC Application in LTE Cellular Networks0 aEnhancing FEC Application in LTE Cellular Networks cOctober 20 - 223 a3rd Generation Partnership Project?s (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is focused on enhancing the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA). Evolved-Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (e-MBMS) uses Multimedia Broadcast over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) operation in order to improve its performance. In MBSFN operation, data are transmitted simultaneously over the air from multiple tightly time-synchronized cells. Raptor codes have been standardized as the main application layer Forward Error Correction (FEC) method for e-MBMS due to the advanced error protection they offer and their overall performance. In this study, we investigate the application of FEC in MBSFN-enabled LTE cellular networks and we propose a new scheme that takes into account the properties of MBSFN in order to provide a more efficient operation of FEC during e-MBMS transmissions. The proposed scheme is compared with other file recovery methods and is evaluated against various network parameters in a realistic simulation environment.10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS10aMBSFN1 aBouras, Christos1 aAlexiou, Antonios1 aPapazois, Andreas1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aTseliou, Georgia uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/enhancing-fec-application-lte-cellular-networks01201nas a2200193 4500008004100000245005600041210005200097260001500149300000800164520062800172653000800800653000800808653000900816653001800825100002100843700002200864700002200886856009900908 2010 eng d00aThe Impact of FEC on Mobile Multicast Power Control0 aImpact of FEC on Mobile Multicast Power Control cMay 9 - 15 a1-63 a3GPP has standardized the use of forward error correction for the provision of reliable data transmission in the mobile multicast framework. In this paper we present a study of the impact of application layer forward error correction on power control during mobile multicast transmission. The evaluation is performed with the aid of a novel scheme that allows the simulation of FEC impact on both streaming delivery and download delivery over a multicast session. It is important that the proposed scheme incorporates the properties of an evolved mobile network, as they are determined by the 3GPP specifications.10aFEC10aLTE10aMBMS10aPower Control1 aBouras, Christos1 aAlexiou, Antonios1 aPapazois, Andreas uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/impact-fec-mobile-multicast-power-control