01467nas a2200157   4500008004100000245005100041210005100092520088800143100004201031700003001073700002401103700002101127700002201148700002601170856011301196       2024                        eng d00aEnergy Efficiency Analysis of DUDe 5G Networks0 aEnergy Efficiency Analysis of DUDe 5G Networks3 aIn this paper we evaluate the energy efficiency of Downlink/Uplink Decoupling (DUDe) systems by considering the energy consumption of each Base Station (BS) and the communication overhead between the BSs and User Equipment (UE). Through extensive simulations, the energy efficiency of DUDe systems is evaluated under various scenarios, such as different UE densities, Base Stations (BSs) configurations, and traffic patterns. The simulation results indicate that the proposed DUDe system can achieve significant energy savings compared to traditional centralized 5G systems. The impact of various parameters on energy efficiency is also analyzed, providing guidelines for designing energy-efficient DUDe systems. The paper emphasizes the significance of energy-efficient design in 5G networks, as it can significantly reduce the operational costs and carbon footprint of the network.1 aKatsigiannis, Chrysostomos-Athanasios1 aTsachrelias, Konstantinos1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aBouras, Christos1 aGkamas, Apostolos1 aPouyioutas, Philippos  uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/energy-efficiency-analysis-dude-5g-networks?language=el02227nas a2200157   4500008004100000245009500041210006900136520153700205100004201742700003001784700002401814700002101838700002201859700002601881856016201907       2024                        eng d00aEnhancing Real – Time IoT Applications: Latency Reduction Techniques in 5G MIMO Networks0 aEnhancing Real Time IoT Applications Latency Reduction Technique3 aIn the ever-growing field of 5G technology, Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems hold the promise of substantial improvements in network capacity and efficiency. However, the demand for low latency, im-posed by real-time Internet of Things (IoT) applications presents some significant obstacles. This study delves into novel approaches to reducing latency within 5G MIMO setups, focusing particularly on the integration of shortened Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs) and preemptive scheduling tactics. Through simulations involving a small-scale MIMO configuration servicing multiple IoT devices, this study thoroughly evaluates the effects of these methods on transmission latency. The desired result is to demonstrate that the adoption of reduced TTIs notably mitigates overall latency, thereby augmenting the efficacy of time-sensitive IoT tasks such as industrial automation and healthcare monitoring systems. This re-search not only contributes to the theoretical progression of 5G communications but also furnishes practical insights for network operators and system designers trying to fine-tune 5G networks for evolving IoT environments. The simulation results indicate that the proposed techniques significantly reduce latency by ap-proximately 30% compared to standard configurations, particularly benefiting high-priority IoT applications. These findings highlight the effectiveness of shortened TTIs and preemptive scheduling in enhancing the performance of real-time IoT tasks within 5G MIMO networks.1 aKatsigiannis, Chrysostomos-Athanasios1 aTsachrelias, Konstantinos1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aBouras, Christos1 aGkamas, Apostolos1 aPouyioutas, Philippos  uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/enhancing-real-%E2%80%93-time-iot-applications-latency-reduction-techniques-5g-mimo-networks?language=el01610nas a2200169   4500008004100000245007700041210006900118300001400187520093500201100003001136700004201166700002401208700002201232700002101254700002601275856013901301       2024                        eng d00aOptimizing Resource Allocation in 5G MIMO Networks Using DUDe Techniques0 aOptimizing Resource Allocation in 5G MIMO Networks Using DUDe Te  a454 - 4593 aIn the landscape of 5G networks, efficient resource allocation stands as a critical factor in meeting the diverse demands of applications and users. This paper delves into optimizing resource allocation within 5G Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) networks by leveraging Downlink/Uplink Decoupling (DUDe) techniques. MIMO technology, enabling the simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams, holds promise for boosting spectral efficiency. However, accommodating the dynamic and diverse user requirements poses a significant challenge in resource allocation. By employing advanced DUDe techniques, this research aims to dynamically allocate resources in 5G MIMO networks, seeking to enhance throughput, minimize latency, and optimize user satisfaction. Through simulation-based analysis, this paper highlights the efficacy of the proposed approach in significantly improving network performance and resource utilization.1 aTsachrelias, Konstantinos1 aKatsigiannis, Chrysostomos-Athanasios1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aGkamas, Apostolos1 aBouras, Christos1 aPouyioutas, Philippos  uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/optimizing-resource-allocation-5g-mimo-networks-using-dude-techniques?language=el01533nas a2200157   4500008004100000245005600041210005600097520093900153100004201092700002201134700003001156700002101186700002401207700002601231856011801257       2024                        eng d00aPower Consumption Analysis in DUDe 5G MIMO Networks0 aPower Consumption Analysis in DUDe 5G MIMO Networks3 aThe advent of 5G technology has brought unprecedented advancements in wireless communication, promising higher data rates and improved user experiences. However, the implementation of Multiple-Input Multiple-
Output (MIMO) techniques in 5G networks has significantly increased power consumption, posing a challenge to sustainability and operational costs. This study conducts a comparative analysis of energy efficiency in 5G MIMO networks, specifically between Downlink Uplink Coupling (DUCo) and Downlink Uplink Decoupling (DUDe) techniques. By examining the remaining power in the Base Stations (BSs) of the implemented Heterogeneous Network (HetNet), this analysis evaluates the potential of DUDe over DUCo in managing power consumption. The findings of this study aim to assist network operators, researchers, and policymakers in developing greener
and more sustainable 5G infrastructures for a cleaner, energyefficient future.1 aKatsigiannis, Chrysostomos-Athanasios1 aGkamas, Apostolos1 aTsachrelias, Konstantinos1 aBouras, Christos1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aPouyioutas, Philippos  uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/power-consumption-analysis-dude-5g-mimo-networks?language=el01596nas a2200157   4500008004100000245006800041210006800109520096600177100004201143700002201185700003001207700002101237700002401258700002601282856013001308       2024                        eng d00aSimulation Based Energy Efficiency Analysis of DUDe 5G Networks0 aSimulation Based Energy Efficiency Analysis of DUDe 5G Networks3 aTo be able to respond to the explosively increased data traffic demand of 5G and beyond networks (Internet of Things (IoT) , Voice/Video calls, Peer2Peer (P2P) software, etc.), one of the most promising technologies are densified Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets). In HetNets, base stations are brought closer to users with the placement of small base stations, which results in better spectral and energy efficiency for cellular systems. However, the HetNet topology challenges traditional cellular systems. One of the most important challenges is user association. Aiming to avoid the drawback caused by Downlink/Uplink Coupling (DUCo) access in HetNets user association, a Downlink/Uplink Decoupling DUDe Access approach has emerged. By allowing access points in the uplink and downlink association to be different, DUDe greatly improves the uplink performance of HetNets. In this paper, we evaluate energy efficiency and resource allocation of DUDe approach.1 aKatsigiannis, Chrysostomos-Athanasios1 aGkamas, Apostolos1 aTsachrelias, Konstantinos1 aBouras, Christos1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aPouyioutas, Philippos  uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/simulation-based-energy-efficiency-analysis-dude-5g-networks?language=el01960nas a2200157   4500008004100000245007800041210006900119520132000188100003001508700003101538700002401569700002201593700002101615700002601636856014001662       2023                        eng d00aBandwidth Optimization Techniques in Heterogeneous 5G Networks Using DUDe0 aBandwidth Optimization Techniques in Heterogeneous 5G Networks U3 aThe deployment of 5G networks has led to a significant increase in demand for high-speed data rates and improved overall network performance. HetNets are a promising solution for providing coverage and capacity
enhancements for 5G networks. However, one of the key  challenges in HetNets is the optimization of bandwidth allocation. Traditional resource allocation techniques are limited in their ability to provide efficient and effective solutions for 5G networks. To address this challenge, a novel technology called DUDe (Downlink/Uplink Decoupling) has been proposed. DUDe optimizes bandwidth allocation in HetNets by dynamically adjusting the allocation of network resources to user demand and network conditions. The motivation of this paper is to highlight the importance of DUDe technology in macro cell offloading in 5G HetNets. The paper evaluates the
performance of DUDe in comparison to traditional resource allocation techniques and provides insights into the key factors that influence its effectiveness. Moreover, this paper presents a detailed analysis of simulations results and provides recommendations for future research. The findings of this study will be useful for network operators and researchers in developing more efficient and effective resource allocation strategies for 5G networks.1 aTsachrelias, Konstantinos1 aKatsigiannis, Chrysostomos1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aGkamas, Apostolos1 aBouras, Christos1 aPouyioutas, Philippos  uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/bandwidth-optimization-techniques-heterogeneous-5g-networks-using-dude?language=el01965nas a2200157   4500008004100000245009400041210006900135520129200204100003001496700002201526700004201548700002101590700002401611700002601635856014601661       2023                        eng d00aOn the Optimization of User Allocation in Heterogeneous 5G Networks Using DUDe Techniques0 aOptimization of User Allocation in Heterogeneous 5G Networks Usi3 aIn previous years, 3G and 4G cellular homogeneous networks configured with macro Base Stations (BSs) relied only on the downlink signal, even though transmission power and interference levels differ significantly between uplink and downlink. In 5G Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet), a new generation which have multiple BSs of different types such as Femto BS and Macro BS, there is the possibility of choosing to receive the data from one BS and transmit them to a different BS, and therefore decoupling the uplink and downlink. Especially, the increasing demand for faster, more reliable, and efficient connectivity has made the optimization of User Equipment (UE) allocation in 5G networks a crucial task. To tackle the challenges posed by heterogeneous 5G networks, this study compares and evaluates the performance of Downlink/Uplink Decoupling (DUDe) and traditional Downlink/Uplink Coupled (DUCo) user allocation approaches. Simulation results show that DUDe UE allocation outperforms DUCo by providing improved network performance and more efficient utilization of network resources in diverse network conditions. These findings have important implications for the design and optimization of 5G networks and provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field.1 aTsachrelias, Konstantinos1 aGkamas, Apostolos1 aKatsigiannis, Chrysostomos-Athanasios1 aBouras, Christos1 aKokkinos, Vasileios1 aPouyioutas, Philippos  uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/optimization-user-allocation-heterogeneous-5g-networks-using-dude-techniques?language=el