01410nas a2200157   4500008004100000245005000041210004800091260001600139520091600155653000901071653000901080100002101089700002201110700002201132856009801154       2008                        eng d00aBridging UMTS and Multicast Routing in ns - 20 aBridging UMTS and Multicast Routing in ns 2  c3 - 7 March3 aIn this paper, we present the design and the implementation of a novel scheme for the multicast transmission of data over Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks. The proposed scheme is implemented as an ns-2 network simulator module which can be employed to investigate various aspects of UMTS multicast. Apart from the normal multicast transmission over UMTS, we consider the handling of exceptional cases induced by user mobility scenarios. The proposed scheme is in accordance with the current specifications of the Multimedia Multicast/Broadcast Service (MBMS) defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and introduces minor modifications in the UMTS architecture and the mobility management mechanisms. The performance of the proposed scheme is validated and analyzed through simulation experiments. Finally, the simulation results are presented along with their analysis.10aMBMS10aUMTS1 aBouras, Christos1 aAlexiou, Antonios1 aPapazois, Andreas  uhttp://telematics.upatras.gr/telematics/publications/bridging-umts-and-multicast-routing-ns-2